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This picture below,shows a diagram of a penguins circulatory system, but it doesn't show all the arteries and veins. The celiac artery's derivatives supply alot of the foregut of the penguin,such as the gizard,liver,and the pancreas.The renal arteries are arteries that take blood to the kidneys. The femoral arteries bring and give blood to the legs.The posterior mesenteric vessels,which supply hindgut and caudal arteries,also supplys the tail branch.
The renal system(which you may remeber from before,the renal arteries) contains the kidneys. Alot of people think that the kidneys is the penguins way of excrete nitrogen and other wastes,but it is must more important then just that. They help maintian blood level,composition,pressure,and hormone levels.The kidneys is very important to the penguins well being. With out the kidneys the penguin would die. The kidney is unlike the humans kidneys because it has 3 anatomical lobes while we only have one.
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